OOP in python Class Python is an “object-oriented programming language.” This means that almost all the code is implemented using a sp...
OOP in python
Class
Python is an “object-oriented programming language.” This means that almost all the code is implemented using a special construct called classes. Programmers use classes to keep related things together. This is done using the keyword “class,” which is a grouping of object-oriented constructs.
Object
Objects are an encapsulation of variables and functions into a single entity. Objects get their variables and functions from classes.
Overview of OOP Terminology
- Class − A user-defined prototype for an object that defines a set of attributes that characterize any object of the class. The attributes are data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods, accessed via dot notation.
- Class variable − A variable that is shared by all instances of a class. Class variables are defined within a class but outside any of the class's methods. Class variables are not used as frequently as instance variables are.
- Data member − A class variable or instance variable that holds data associated with a class and its objects.
- Function overloading − The assignment of more than one behavior to a particular function. The operation performed varies by the types of objects or arguments involved.
- Instance variable − A variable that is defined inside a method and belongs only to the current instance of a class.
- Inheritance − The transfer of the characteristics of a class to other classes that are derived from it.
- Instance − An individual object of a certain class. An object obj that belongs to a class Circle, for example, is an instance of the class Circle.
- Instantiation − The creation of an instance of a class.
- Method − A special kind of function that is defined in a class definition.
- Object − A unique instance of a data structure that's defined by its class. An object comprises both data members (class variables and instance variables) and methods.
- Operator overloading − The assignment of more than one function to a particular operator.
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